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精讀|翻譯|詞組
Kyocera Founder Was Apostle of Asian-Style Management
京瓷創始人：亞洲經營之聖
英文部分選自華爾街日報訃告
Kyocera Founder Was Apostle of Asian-Style Management
京瓷創始人：亞洲經營之聖

Kazuo Inamori, who has died at 90, saw his employees as family to be taken care of for life
稻盛和夫辭世，終其一生將員工視為己出，享年90歲。

Kazuo Inamori, founder of Kyocera Corp., once said that his goal was to 『pursue the happiness of all employees, both physically and spiritually.』
稻盛和夫，京瓷創始人，曾說過其目標是「追求所有員工在物質和精神上的雙重幸福。」

For Kazuo Inamori, a company wasn’t just a place to work and earn a salary. It was more like a family, and managers were responsible for their teams』 spiritual health and happiness, he thought.

對稻盛和夫而言，公司並不只是一個上班賺錢的地方。他認為公司更像一個大家庭，團隊的管理者要對成員的精神健康和幸福負責。

His name wasn’t widely known in the West, but in Japanese and Chinese business circles, he was revered as a practical philosopher and apostle of Asian-style management. His books sold millions of copies in the two countries.

西方社會認識他的並不多，但是日本和中國商界都尊其為東方式管理的實踐主義哲學家和使徒。他的著作在兩國熱銷數百萬冊。

Mr. Inamori died of old age at his home in Kyoto on Aug. 24 at age 90. His death was announced by the company he founded, Kyocera Corp., which makes printers, solar-power generating systems and tiny electronic parts found in devices around the world.

今年8月24日，稻盛和夫在京都家中壽終正寢，享年90歲。他創辦的京瓷公司宣布了這一消息。京瓷主要生產打印機和太陽能發電系統，也為世界各地的設備提供微型電子部件。

In his long career, Mr. Inamori also helped create a powerful competitor to Japan’s longstanding telephone monopoly, and was pulled back to the front lines in 2010 to lead Japan Airlines Co. as it resurrected itself after a bankruptcy filing.

在漫長的職業生涯中，稻盛和夫還創立了一家電信企業，強有力地挑戰了日本長期處於壟斷地位的電信巨頭。2010年，他臨危受命，再度出山，幫助已經申請破產的日本航空公司起死回生。

Mr. Inamori was born on Jan. 30, 1932, the second of seven children of a printer in Kagoshima city on the southern island of Kyushu. In an autobiography published in the Nikkei newspaper in 2001, he described a childhood filled with setbacks.

稻盛和夫生於1932年1月30日，在家裡七個孩子當中排行老二，父親是九州南部鹿兒島市的一位印刷工人。2001年，稻盛和夫在《日經新聞》（Nikkei）上發表自傳，將自己的童年描述成一段充滿挫折的時光。

He developed tuberculosis, he failed exams for a top middle school and his family’s house burned down as the result of a U.S. air raid in August 1945, just before the end of World War II. In high school, he helped keep the family afloat by hawking his father’s paper bags to grocers and black-market stalls.

因感染肺結核，稻盛和夫未能考進頂尖中學。1945年8月，二戰結束前夕，他們家的房子因美軍空襲而慘遭燒毀。高中時期，為維繫家中生計，他把爸爸的紙袋子推銷給雜貨商和黑市攤販。

He worked his way through the local university and in 1955 got a job at a ceramics maker in Kyoto, Japan’s ancient capital and a center of ceramics manufacturing. The city was to develop into a globally important hub of electronic-parts makers.

在家鄉的大學就讀期間，他一直都在打工。1955年，他大學畢業，進入京都一家陶瓷品公司工作。京都是日本古代的首都，也是陶瓷生產中心，還有望成為全球範圍內電子配件廠商的重要集聚地。

In 1959, he set out on his own, starting Kyoto Ceramic Co., later trimmed to Kyocera. Mr. Inamori wrote that he picked the name because he thought the word Kyoto would be internationally recognized.

1959年，稻盛和夫自立門戶，成立京都陶瓷有限公司，後更名為「京瓷」。他寫道，之所以取「京都陶瓷有限公司」這個名字，是因為他覺得「京都」這個詞能夠得到國際認可。

He was newly married at the time to a woman who had worked at the same company where Mr. Inamori started. The future Asako Inamori was the daughter of an agricultural scientist and took pity on the poor young man from the provinces who got by each day on a plain lunch of rice and a pickled plum.

那時他剛結婚，新娘是他最初工作的公司同事。當時，這位農業學家的女兒（也就是後來的稻盛朝子）非常同情這個外地來的窮小子：他每天就吃一頓午餐，只將就吃些米飯配酸梅。

As Mr. Inamori told the story, she started making a box lunch for him and quietly putting it on his desk every day. He eventually came to learn his benefactor’s identity and have meals at her home.

稻盛和夫回憶道，剛開始，朝子每天為他做好午餐便當，悄悄放在他辦公桌上。後來，他得知了這位恩人的身份，便開始到她家裡吃飯。

Mr. Inamori was hardly the only great Japanese entrepreneur of his era, a time when global names such as Honda and Sony were being built. And the notion of the company as family wasn’t unique to Kyocera or to Japan.

稻盛和夫並不是那個時代唯一一位偉大的日本企業家。當時，本田和索尼等國際品牌都在崛起。而且，「公司就是家」的理念也並非京瓷或者日本獨有。

But Mr. Inamori and an elder from the previous generation—Konosuke Matsushita, founder of what is today Panasonic Holdings Corp.—were the two entrepreneur-founders who most successfully crystallized their philosophy for a mass audience in Asia. One of Kyocera’s early jobs was supplying porcelain parts for Panasonic television sets.

但是，稻盛和夫和前輩松下幸之助（如今的松下控股公司創始人）是將自己的經營哲學向亞洲大眾闡釋得最成功的兩位企業創始人。京瓷早期的業務之一就是為松下電視機供應瓷質部件。

Mr. Inamori, a devout Buddhist who was ordained as a monk in his later years, traced his enlightenment to a labor dispute in 1961 when his young employees sought to guarantee annual pay raises and bonuses. He wrote that he realized running a company meant looking after its employees for life.

稻盛和夫是一名虔誠的佛教徒，晚年出家為僧。他的開悟可以追溯到1961年的一場勞資糾紛。那一年，他手下的年輕雇員要求公司確保每年加薪和發放獎金。他寫道，當時自己就意識到，經營公司意味着要終生守護員工。

His goal, he said with a nod to the Declaration of Independence, was to 「pursue the happiness of all employees, both physically and spiritually.」

他認同《獨立宣言》，稱他的目標是「為所有員工謀幸福，包括物質和精神兩方面的幸福」。

He divided his organization into small units he called amoebas. While the amoeba leader would draft goals for the unit, every employee was supposed to participate in running it, achieving what he called management by all.

他把公司細分為多個他稱之為「阿米巴」的小單位，每一個阿米巴的領導負責制定本阿米巴的目標，但每個員工都應該參與阿米巴的運轉，進而實現他所倡導的全員管理。

He encouraged his units to go out drinking together and discuss not just their jobs but their views of life. These gatherings were 「a place to strengthen further the bonds of the family that shares the common destiny called Kyocera, as well as a place for education,」 he wrote.

他鼓勵這些小阿米巴的成員們一起聚會喝酒，不僅討論工作，也分享彼此的人生觀。他在書中寫道，這些聚會「加強了京瓷這個命運大家庭之間的聯繫，同時也具有教育意義。」

By the 1980s, Mr. Inamori was wealthy and his company was well-established, so he broadened his horizons. He started a telecommunications company to challenge the former state-owned monopoly and, after mergers, it became KDDI Corp., one of the top three cellphone service providers in Japan today.

上世紀八十年代，稻盛和夫已經身價不菲，他的公司也已聲名遠播，於是他將目光投向了其他領域。他向電信領域的國有壟斷企業發起挑戰，創立了一家民營電信公司，經歷幾輪併購，成為了今天的KDDI株式會社，位列日本電信運營商前三甲行列。

He created a Japanese version of the Nobel Prize known as the Kyoto Prize that, like the Nobel, offers a rich purse to the winners. It was first awarded in 1985 and since has recognized many scientists and artists such as composer Pierre Boulez and fashion designer Issey Miyake.

他捐資設立「日本的諾貝爾獎」京都獎，獲獎者同樣會獲得豐厚的獎金。首屆京都獎於1985年頒發，自此很多科學家和藝術家都曾獲此殊榮，如作曲家皮埃爾·布列茲和時裝設計師三宅一生。

Above all, Mr. Inamori spread his philosophy in his books. He wrote or co-wrote 72 in all, according to his company, which said more than 22 million copies have been printed globally. Of those, more than 60% were published in China.

尤其值得一提的是，稻盛和夫將他的經營理念寫進了書里，使之廣為傳播。他的公司宣稱，他共創作和參與創作了72本書，全球累計發行超過2200萬冊，其中60%的發行量來自中國。

Itsuo Fuchimoto, who used to head the alumni association of Mr. Inamori’s high school, said the businessman was a generous donor to local causes and someone who didn’t forget his roots. Mr. Inamori would come home, speak the local dialect and enjoy Kagoshima specialties at modest restaurants where no one recognized him, Mr. Fuchimoto recalled.

淵本逸雄曾任稻盛和夫就讀高中的校友會會長，據他回憶，稻盛和夫樂善好施，大力支持家鄉當地發展。他也從不忘本，每次回老家，他還是習慣說當地方言，在不起眼的餐廳里不起眼地享受家鄉美食。

「He was always thinking about doing good for others and that showed in everything he did,」 Mr. Fuchimoto said.
「他總想着與人為善，這體現在他為人處事的方方面面。」淵本說。

翻譯組：

Vicky，少兒英語教師+筆譯新人

Shulin，女，熱咖啡+保溫杯，慢慢來er

Mosy，繪本、演講、戲劇英文教育踐行者

校對組：

Luc，男，在北京，喜歡睡覺

Alison，女，翻譯路上的小蝸牛

Nicolea，新手人民教師，聲優探索者，乃木坂47與AKB49


3




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