鑽石舞台

近日，世界田聯官網的運動員介紹中，蘇炳添、謝震業、吳智強、湯星強的資料上都標註了奧運會銅牌。

上個月，國際體育仲裁法庭（CAS）發布公告：英國田徑運動員吉津杜·烏賈（Chijindu Ujah）違反了反興奮劑規則，英國男子接力隊在2021年8月6日舉行的東京奧運會男子4X100米接力決賽中獲得銀牌的成績將被取消。

無注釋原文：

Chinese men's Olympic 4x100 team poised for bronze after British team stripped of Tokyo medal

CBC

Feb 18, 2022

China is poised to be upgraded to bronze as Britain's 4x100-metre relay team was stripped of its silver medal from the Tokyo Olympics after C.J. Ujah's doping violation was confirmed by the Court of Arbitration for Sport on Friday.

Ujah was part of the quartet alongside Zharnel Hughes, Richard Kilty and Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake that finished second to Italy in a close race by 0.01 seconds in August. But a sample taken from Ujah after the race in the Japanese capital was found to contain the prohibited substances ostarine and S-23, which are muscle-building selective androgen receptor modulators.

Ujah did not challenge the anti-doping rule violation but his claim to have unknowingly consumed a contaminated supplement was not accepted. Now the suspended Ujah is waiting for a ruling about a ban from the Athletics Integrity Unit.

"I would like to apologize to my teammates, their families and support teams for the impact which this has had on them," Ujah said in a statement. "I'm sorry that this situation has cost my teammates the medals they worked so hard and so long for, and which they richly deserved. That is something I will regret for the rest of my life."

Britain has only twice previously been stripped of Olympic medals — both bronze. Judoka Kerrith Brown produced a positive for a diuretic at the 1988 Seoul Games — after claiming to be unaware the substance was prohibited — and a banned stimulant methamphetamine was detected in skier Alain Baxter's sample at the 2002 Salt Lake City Winter Games after he used a nasal inhaler.

The British Olympic Association made no attempt to defend Ujah's actions.

"We welcome his contrition. That said, this should act as a salutary message for anyone — British or otherwise — who is doping or considering doping as a way of boosting their athletic performance," the BOA said in a statement. "You will get caught. You are not welcome on our team and nor are you representative of our values, or of our nation."

"All athletes, wherever they are from, deserve to go to the start line knowing they are in clean competition," the BOA said. "It is with deep sorrow that colleagues and opponents of Ujah were not able to be reassured of this fact in Tokyo."

- ◆ -

註：中文文本為機器翻譯僅供參考，並非一一對應

含注釋全文：

Chinese men's Olympic 4x100 team poised for bronze after British team stripped of Tokyo medal

CBC

Feb 18, 2022

China is poised to be upgraded to bronze as Britain's 4x100-metre relay team was stripped of its silver medal from the Tokyo Olympics after C.J. Ujah's doping violation was confirmed by the Court of Arbitration for Sport on Friday.

由于吉津杜·烏賈（Chijindu Ujah）的興奮劑違規行為周五被體育仲裁法庭確認，英國4x100米接力隊被剝奪了東京奧運會的銀牌，中國隊有望遞補銅牌。

表示「平衡的；作好準備的，擺好姿勢的」，英文解釋為「If an object or a part of your body is poised, it is completely still but ready to move at any moment.」舉個🌰：

The cup was poised on the edge of the chair.

杯子放在椅子邊上（隨時可能掉下來）。

My pencil was poised over the page, ready to take down her words.

我的鉛筆對準了本子，隨時準備記下她的話。

2019年泰國王妃被剝奪全部頭銜時，各大媒體幾乎都用了strip這個詞，後接of，strip of表示「剝奪（財產、權利）；撤銷（頭銜）」，英文解釋為「To strip someone of their property, rights, or titles means to take those things away from them.」舉個🌰：

The soldiers have stripped the civilians of their passports, and every other type of document.

那些士兵們已經奪走了市民的護照以及所有其他證件。

1）作動詞，表示「為…提供興奮劑；使服用興奮劑」，英文解釋為「to give a person or an animal drugs in order to make them perform better or worse in a competition」舉個🌰：

They were arrested for doping racehorses.

他們因給參賽馬匹服用興奮劑而被捕。

2）作動詞，表示「給…提供安眠藥；使服用安眠藥」，英文解釋為「to give a person or an animal a drug to make them want to sleep」舉個🌰：

We always have to dope up our cat for long car journeys.

開車長途旅行時我們總是給貓吃安眠藥。

3）作名詞，表示「興奮劑」，英文解釋為「a drug that is taken by a person or given to an animal to affect their performance in a race or sport」舉個🌰：

The athlete failed adope test(= a medical test showed that he had taken such drugs).

這個運動員未能通過藥檢。

4）作名詞，表示「麻醉劑，毒品（尤指大麻，在美國尤指海洛因）」，英文解釋為「a drug that is taken illegally for pleasure, especiallycannabisor, in the US,heroin.」

CAS：Court of Arbitration for Sport，國際體育仲裁院，又譯為國際體育仲裁庭，是一個專門為解決體育糾紛而設立的國際性仲裁機構。

Ujah was part of the quartet alongside Zharnel Hughes, Richard Kilty and Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake that finished second to Italy in a close race by 0.01 seconds in August. But a sample taken from Ujah after the race in the Japanese capital was found to contain the prohibited substances ostarine and S-23, which are muscle-building selective androgen receptor modulators.

烏賈是與扎內爾·休斯（Zharnel Hughes）、理查德·基爾蒂（Richard Kilty）以及納塔尼爾·米切爾-布萊克（Nethaneel Mitchell-Blake）組成的四人接力隊的一員，該隊伍在8月份的比賽中以0.01秒的差距輸給意大利隊獲得第二名。但在日本首都的比賽結束後，從烏賈身上提取的樣本被發現含有違禁物質奧斯塔林（Ostarine，一種選擇性雄性受體調節劑）和S-23，它們是增肌的選擇性雄性激素受體調節劑。

表示「四人組；四件套；四部曲」，英文解釋為「a set of four people or things」如：the last in a quartet of novels 四部曲小說的最後一部。

androgen /ˈæn.drə.dʒən/ 表示「雄性激素」，英文解釋為「any of several steroids, produced as hormones by the testes or made synthetically, that promote development of male sexual organs and male secondary sexual characteristics」

表示「感受器；受體」，英文解釋為「a nerve ending which receives information about changes in light, heat etc and causes the body to react in particular ways」。

Ujah did not challenge the anti-doping rule violation but his claim to have unknowingly consumed a contaminated supplement was not accepted. Now the suspended Ujah is waiting for a ruling about a ban from the Athletics Integrity Unit.

烏賈沒有對違反反興奮劑規則的行為提出質疑，但他聲稱在不知情的情況下食用了被污染的補充劑的說法沒有被接受。現在，被禁賽的烏賈正在等待田徑誠信委員會（AIU）對禁賽的裁決。

表示「質疑，懷疑」，英文解釋為「to question if something is true or legal」舉個🌰：

Children challenge their parents' authority far more nowadays than they did in the past.

如今子女對父母權威的質疑遠遠多於過去。

表示「（尤指大量地）吃，喝」，英文解釋為「to eat or drink, especially a lot of something」舉個🌰：

He consumes huge amounts of bread with every meal.

他每頓飯都要吃掉大量的麵包。

表示「污染；弄髒；毒害」，英文解釋為「to make something less pure or make it poisonous」舉個🌰：

The food which had been contaminated was destroyed.

受污染的食物已被銷毀了。

表示「補充物，增補物」，英文解釋為「something that is added to something else in order to improve it or complete it; something extra」舉個🌰：

The doctor said she should be taking vitamin supplements.

醫生說她應該服用維生素補充劑。

athletics /æθˈlet̬.ɪks/ 表示「田徑運動」，英文解釋為「the general name for a particular group of sports in which people compete, including running, jumping, and throwing」如：an athletics team/club/meeting 田徑隊/俱樂部/運動會。

📍田徑運動也可以說track and field；track and field表示「田徑運動」，英文解釋為「the general name for a particular group of sports in which people compete, including running, jumping, and throwing」舉個🌰：

The team had no chance of striking gold in track and field.

這支隊伍中無人有機會在田徑賽場上拿金牌。

"I would like to apologize to my teammates, their families and support teams for the impact which this has had on them," Ujah said in a statement. "I'm sorry that this situation has cost my teammates the medals they worked so hard and so long for, and which they richly deserved. That is something I will regret for the rest of my life."

「我想向我的隊友、他們的家人和支持團隊道歉，因為這對他們造成了影響，」烏賈在一份聲明中說。「我很抱歉，這種情況使我的隊友們失去了他們努力了這麼久的獎牌，而這是他們應得的。這是我一生都會後悔的事情。」

Britain has only twice previously been stripped of Olympic medals — both bronze. Judoka Kerrith Brown produced a positive for a diuretic at the 1988 Seoul Games — after claiming to be unaware the substance was prohibited — and a banned stimulant methamphetamine was detected in skier Alain Baxter's sample at the 2002 Salt Lake City Winter Games after he used a nasal inhaler.

英國此前只有兩次被剝奪了奧運獎牌--都是銅牌。在1988年漢城奧運會上，柔道運動員克利斯·布朗（Kerrith Brown）的利尿劑檢測結果呈陽性--他聲稱不知道這種物質是被禁止的--而在2002年鹽湖城冬季奧運會上，滑雪運動員阿蘭·巴克斯特（Alain Baxter）在使用鼻用吸入器後，在他的樣本中檢測出一種被禁止的興奮劑甲基苯丙胺。

diuretic /ˌdaɪ.jəˈret̬.ɪk/ 表示「利尿劑」，英文解釋為「a substance that causes an increase in the production of urine」

表示「興奮劑」，英文解釋為「A stimulant is a drug that makes your body work faster, often increasing your heart rate and making you less likely to sleep.」舉個🌰：

Coffee and tea are mild stimulants.

咖啡和茶是輕度興奮劑。

methamphetamine /ˌmeθæmˈfetəmiːn/ 表示「甲基苯丙胺（刺激精神和身體的藥物，容易讓人上癮）」，英文解釋為「a drug that makes your mind and body more active. It is addictive (= you cannot stop taking it when you have started) and some people take it illegally.」

nasal /ˈneɪzəl/ 表示「鼻的」，英文解釋為「related to the nose」如：nasal passages 鼻道，nasal congestion 鼻塞，the nasal cavity 鼻腔，a nasal spray 鼻腔噴劑。

inhaler /ɪnˈheɪ.lɚ/ 表示「（用於吸入特定藥品的）吸入器」，英文解釋為「a small device you use to breathe in particular medicines」

The British Olympic Association made no attempt to defend Ujah's actions.

英國奧林匹克協會沒有試圖為烏賈的行為辯護。

1）表示「保護，防衛；為…辯護」，英文解釋為「to protect someone or something against attack or criticism; to speak in favour of someone or something」舉個🌰：

They are fighting to defend their beliefs/interests/rights.

他們在為捍衛自己的信仰／利益／權利而戰。

2）表示「（在法庭上）為…辯護，當…的辯護律師」，英文解釋為「to act as a lawyer for someone who has been accused of something in a court of law and try to prove that they are not guilty」舉個🌰：

I can't afford a lawyer, so I shall defend myself (= argue my own case in a court of law).

我請不起律師，所以我將在法庭上自辯。

3）表示「（運動比賽中）衛冕；蟬聯冠軍」，英文解釋為「to compete in a sports competition that you won before and try to win it again」舉個🌰：

He will defend his 1,500 metre title this weekend.

他會在周末1500米比賽中爭取衛冕。

4）表示「（在體育比賽中）防守，防衛」，英文解釋為「to try to prevent the opposing player or players from scoring points, goals, etc. in a sport」舉個🌰：

In the last ten minutes of the game, we needed to defend.

我們得在比賽的最後十分鐘內進行防守。

"We welcome his contrition. That said, this should act as a salutary message for anyone — British or otherwise — who is doping or considering doping as a way of boosting their athletic performance," the BOA said in a statement. "You will get caught. You are not welcome on our team and nor are you representative of our values, or of our nation."

「我們對他的懺悔表示認可。」英國奧委會在一份聲明中說：「儘管如此，這對任何使用興奮劑或考慮使用興奮劑作為提高運動成績的人（無論是英國人還是其他人）來說，應該是一個有益的信息。你會被抓的。我們的團隊不歡迎你，你也不能代表我們的價值觀，或我們的國家。」

表示「痛悔；悔悟；悔罪」，英文解釋為「a very sorry or guilty feeling about something bad you have done, or the act of showing that you feel like this」。

表示「（對行為或性格的改善）有益的」，英文解釋為「causing improvement of behaviour or character」如：a salutary experience 有益的經歷。

表示「改善；提高；增強；推動」，英文解釋為「to improve or increase something」舉個🌰：

The theatre managed to boost its audiences by cutting ticket prices.

劇院設法通過降低票價來增加觀眾數量。

"All athletes, wherever they are from, deserve to go to the start line knowing they are in clean competition," the BOA said. "It is with deep sorrow that colleagues and opponents of Ujah were not able to be reassured of this fact in Tokyo."

「所有運動員，無論他們來自哪裡，都應該知道他們是在乾淨的競爭中走到起跑線上，」英國奧委會說。「深感悲哀的是，烏賈的隊友和對手未能在東京奧運會上得到這一事實的保證。」

表示「使安心；使打消疑慮；安慰」，英文解釋為「to comfort someone and stop them from worrying」舉個🌰：

They tried to reassure her, but she still felt anxious.

他們設法讓她放心，可她還是焦慮不安。

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