鑽石舞台

TED英語演講課

給心靈放個假吧

3歲開始接觸滑雪；9歲開始參賽並且成績不俗；14歲就拿到了50枚金牌；18歲北京冬奧會獲得2金1銀。

離開滑雪，谷愛凌還是一枚超級學霸。滿分1600的SAT考試，她只差兩分滿分，高於99.8%的考生，順利被斯坦福錄取。

這樣的優秀成績，離不開她超越同齡人的思考能力和見解。

這一點，從她12歲時的一段演講中就可見端倪：在視頻中，稚嫩的谷愛凌提出了關於男女應該同工同酬，女性運動員的刻板印象等問題。

現在，我們就一起來看看吧！

觀看完視頻，真是不由得感嘆，這個00後的姑娘，不光運動天賦極佳，更是有超越同齡人的思考能力。

現在我們就一起來深入的學習一下這段視頻吧~

在英語口語中，停頓是一種很常見的現象。適當的停頓能夠讓自己的表達更生動清楚；在演講中，停頓也會吸引到聽眾的注意力，使其更好的沉浸其中。

以下用︱標出了演講中的停頓位置。停頓的時間根據語義及情感的需要有長有短。

語調是幫助表達各種思想感情的重要途徑，英語語調的基本類型有降調、升調和平調。

谷愛凌的演講體現了非常典型的加州年輕女性說話的語調特點，即起伏較大，變化豐富，情感表達活潑。

在英語口語表達中，語調具有強烈的感情色彩，它使語言更富有表現力。不同的語調可以表示說話人不同的態度和不同的隱含意思。

例如：「yes」，若用降調，表示說話人對所回答的問題十分確定；若用升調，表示對問題有疑問。

語調學習只有一大法寶，就是模仿：仔細體會，大膽模仿；一段時間下來，在克服語調平板方面會有成效，並且可以舉一反三，推而廣之。

在英語口語中，不管是聽還是說，這幾個連貫語流要素都是必須理解的地方：弱讀、不完全爆破、連讀、重讀與非重讀等。

1. 弱讀

一般會弱讀的詞主要是介詞、助動詞、代詞和連詞這樣的語法功能類詞，比如as, would,you,but等等。

而擔任整句話主要含義的詞是沒有弱讀的。

不完全爆破是連貫語流中自然產生的語音現象。

在朗讀句子或某些單詞時，爆破音/p/， /b/， /t/， /d/，/k/, /g/在一定情況下不必爆破出來，就是說氣流不必衝破阻礙，而只是發音器官在口腔中形成阻礙，稍作停頓後馬上過渡到後面的音。

3.連讀

連讀的情況依語速、停頓、強調需要和個人習慣而定。

4.重讀詞

注意以下標出的特別重讀的詞：它們是傳達演講中心含義的詞。

以上是英語口語中語音方面主要學習的技能，你掌握了多少呢？

EileenGu’s Speech on Women in Sports

谷愛凌演講——女性與體育運動

Left.Right. Left. Right again.

向左轉。向右轉。向左轉。再向右轉。

Getting lost inthe rhythm (節奏)of my turns was one of my favorite parts of skiing. Feeling the soft,powdery (粉狀的)snow beneath my skis,I feel like I’m capable fanything.

我最喜歡滑雪的一點便是沉溺於自己旋轉的節奏中。觸摸滑板下那柔軟又細膩的白雪，讓我覺得自己無所不能。

Istarted skiing when I was three years old. My mom worked as a skiinstructoras she also loved the snow. Ever since I was only just a little pinkball of a toddler (學步的兒童),I enjoyed being different. While the other children in my grouplesson were whining (哭嚷)and complaining, I was busy rolling down the small incline (斜坡).Since myrentalskiswere so short and my many layers (層)of clothing made me just about as wide as I was tall, it was easy tosomersault (做翻滾).I soonmastered the basic conceptsof turning.And at the age of four, I was flying through the powder (干雪)and trees with my mom. I remember falling once and realizing that thesnow was taller than I was.

我三歲便開始滑雪，我的媽媽是一名滑雪教練，因為她也喜歡雪。自幼我就與眾不同。當我同班的孩子們還在哭鬧抱怨時，我正忙着從小坡上滾下來。因為我租的滑雪板實在太短了，加之身上裹着好幾層衣服，我幾乎成了一個球，一不留神就會翻個跟頭。我很快就掌握了基本的轉身動作。四歲的時候，我就和媽媽一起在雪中馳騁。我記得有一次我摔倒了，發現身邊的積雪比我還要高。

WhenI was seven, I decided I wanted to take my skiing to the next leveland join a team. There were twooptions:racing, a populareventfor girls, andfreeskiing, an event heavilydominatedby boys. Riding thechairliftwith my mother, I would seefreeskiersflying and spinning through the air. I immediately knew which team Iwanted to join: freeskiing.

當我七歲時，我決定將滑雪水平提升到一個新高度，還想加入一個專業團隊。當時我面臨兩個選擇：一是競速，這是女生們會選擇的熱門項目。二是自由式滑雪，這是一個由男生主導的項目。每當我和媽媽一起坐升降椅時，我就會看到自由式滑雪者在空中飛翔和旋轉。那一刻我就決定要選自由式滑雪。

Mymother agreedenthusiasticallyas she was worried I would ski too fast and get hurt while racing. Assoon as I joined the team, I was placed in a low level. However, Isoonclimbedtherankingsuntil I came to the highest group. At that point, I was the only girlon my team. Iwas put downat first; nobody wanted to ride the chairlift with me. But as timepassed, I was slowly accepted, and made some of my closest friends.However, this entire process took three whole years.

我母親也欣然同意，因為她擔心如果我選擇競速，我可能會滑得太快，在比賽中受傷。當我進入隊伍時，我被分入了低水平組。然而，我很快就晉升到主力隊。那時，我是隊裡唯一的女孩。一開始我被冷落，沒人願意和我一起坐升降椅。漸漸的我被接納了，還交到幾個最好的朋友。但這個過程經過了整整三年。

Inour world today, men are significantly more likely to participate orfind careers in sports than women. Many peopleclaimedthat this was just because men’s muscles were naturally larger andstronger than that of the women’s. So over time, stereotypes (刻板印象)developed tonegatively definefemale athletes. Females were oftendeniedathleticopportunities because of theirgender.

當今世界，男性參加體育活動、發展體育事業的可能性遠遠高於女性。許多人聲稱，這僅僅是因為男性的肌肉天生更大、更強。久而久之，一種對女性運動員不利的刻板印象形成了。由於性別差異，女性常常無法獲得參加體育競賽的機會。

TheTitle IXrevolutionhelped tosetthings straight.Title IX is aportionofthe United States Education Amendments of 1972.This statute’s (法規)purpose was to help protect againstsex discriminationin both education andathletics.Even though Title IX has been on the books for 43 years andtons ofprogress has been made,sexismstill exists.

第九修正案試圖改變這一錯誤的局面。第九修正案是美國1972年《教育法修正案》中的一項。這條法規的目的是保護人們在教育和體育中免受性別歧視。儘管第九修正案的通過已經有了43年的歷史，也取得了巨大進展，但性別歧視仍然存在。

Howmany of you play basketball or soccer?

你們當中多少人打籃球或者踢足球？

Theminimum play pay for aWNBAplayer in the 2015seasonwas $38,813; the minimum pay for anNBAplayer was $525,093. That means that the minimum pay for men’sbasketball was over thirteen times more than that of the women’s.If you all remember Peyton’sspeech, you might know that for winning the 2015Soccer Women’s World Cup,the USA women’s team took home $2 million. In 2014, the US men’steam, finishing in the 11th place, took home $9 million. Even thoughthe men’s team placed conspicuously (顯著地)lower, theincome was still over four times more.

2015年賽季，美國國家女子籃球隊球員的底薪是38,813美元，而男子籃球隊球員的底薪是525,093美元。也就是說，男性球員的底薪是女性球員底薪的13倍之多。你們如果記得佩頓的演講，可能會知道，2015年美國女足奪得世界盃冠軍，獎金是200萬美元。而2014年，美國男足獲得第11名，獎金卻高達900萬美元。儘管男隊的排名明顯較低，但收入卻超過女隊的4倍。

Thehighest paid female athlete in the world is tennis player MariaSharapova, who has held this title for ninestraightyears. Her income for endorsements (廣告宣傳),sponsorshipsand prize money is a hefty (巨額的)$29 million. That’s a lot of money, right? Well, yes, until youtake a look at the world’s highest-paid male athlete, Tiger Woods.The golfer’s income was anastounding$78 million. Doesn’t seem too fair, now, does it?

全球收入最高的女運動員是網球選手瑪麗亞·莎拉波娃，連續9年登頂。她的代言、贊助和獎金收入是2900萬美元。聽上去是一大筆錢，對吧？但和世界收入最高的男運動員泰格·伍茲相比卻不值一提——這位高爾夫球運動員的收入數字驚人，高達7800萬美元。現在看來，還公平嗎？

TitleIX andthe Equal Pay Acthave now both been passed, so what’s theholdup?Traditionally andstereotypically(刻板印象地),women are highly feminine (女性的),stay-at-homeand motheringfigures.The words 「athletic」 or 「independent」 don’tshow upon thatlist. People are not accepting that women can be what they want to beyet, and they aren’t accepting that women can make their ownchoices orpave their own paths.But if we accept it, weare just one step closer toequality.

《修正案第九條》和《同工同酬法案》早已通過，那還有什麼阻礙呢？在傳統的刻板印象中，女性是顧家的母親形象。而「擅長運動」或「獨立」這些詞並不會和女性掛鈎。大眾認為女性不應該追求自己的夢想，做出自己的選擇，追求自己的道路。但如果我們能改變這一點，我們就離平等又近了一步。

Thesport of freeskiing includes boxes, which are wooden rectangular(矩形的)features whose tops are made out of fiberglass (玻璃纖維).Hardcastsfor broken limbs (肢)are also made out of fiberglass. A freeskier can alsoperform tricks onrails.Railsare exactly what they sound like. They werehandrails,but as the sportgraduallygot more popular, they were made just for the purpose ofsliding.Jumpsare also acrucial elementoffreeskiing. An angle is built out of the snow, and when skied on fastenough, sends one flying into the air.

自由式滑雪會藉助一個箱子，箱子是木製的長方形，頂部是由玻璃纖維製成，治療肢體骨折的硬石膏也是由玻璃纖維製成的，自由式滑雪運動員也可以在鐵製欄杆上表演技巧，欄杆就是字面意思，就是扶手，但隨着這項運動的逐漸普及，人們特意為了滑行製造了箱子。跳躍也是自由式滑雪的關鍵要素。雪地被堆成一個斜坡，當滑行的速度足夠快時，人們便會飛向天空。

Whilecompeting, Ican’thelp but noticethedrastic (巨大的)difference in prize money between the male and female adult winners.The champion for women will often walk away with $600 while thechampion for men will walk away with $12,000. I have beenfortunateenough to have competed in three national championships competitionsfor freeskiing, winning twooverallfirst places and one overall second place.

在比賽中，我不禁注意到女子和男子組成人選手之間巨大的獎金差距。女子冠軍獲得600美元，而男子冠軍則會獲得12,000美元。我有幸參加了三次自由式滑雪全國錦標賽，兩次總成績第一，一次總成績第二。

Althoughbeing a girl in amale-dominatedsport can be difficult, I’mactuallythankful that I』ve had the experiences that I had.

作為女孩，在男性主導的運動中可能會遇到重重困難，但我也很感激擁有這份經歷。

Lifeis going to be a bumpy (凹凸不平的)road for all of us, and buildingresiliency(適應力)early on isimportant. My experiences have made me more tenacious (堅韌不拔的)and have taught me to meet mysetbacksin life with open arms.In fact, after thisencounter,I』ve become a better skier. However, there is no way that I couldhave done it without mysupportivemother always behind me and my encouraging coach always, alwaysbehind me as well.

對我們所有人來說，生活的道路都將是崎嶇不平的，所以及早培養適應能力是很重要的。我的經歷讓我更加堅韌，也教會了我要張開雙臂迎接生活中的挫折。事實上，在這次遭遇之後，我的滑雪技術變得更好了。然而，如果沒有一直支持我的母親和一直鼓勵我的教練，我是不可能做到的。

Iencourage you all tostep out of your comfort zoneto show the boys that girls are just as powerful as they are.

我鼓勵大家都走出自己的舒適區，用行動展示，女孩和男孩一樣強大。

Thankyou.

謝謝。

素材來源維克多英語

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